Mba preparation

Question: The selling price of a product is ₹660, and the profit percentage is 10%. Find the cost price. Solution: SP = ₹660 Profit % = 10% CP = SP / (1 + Profit % / 100) = ₹660 / (1 + 10/100) = ₹660 / 1.10 = ₹600  

  10. Successive Discounts Question: A shopkeeper offers two successive discounts of 20% and 10% on an item marked at ₹2,000. Find the selling price. Solution: Marked Price (MP) = ₹2,000 After 20% discount: SP = ₹2,000 × (1 - 20/100) = ₹2,000 × 0.80 = ₹1,600 After 10% discount: SP = ₹1,600 × (1 - 10/100) = ₹1,600 × 0.90 = ₹1,440

  9. Marked Price and Discount Question: A shopkeeper marks his goods at 30% above the cost price and offers a discount of 20%. Find his profit percentage. Solution: Let CP = ₹100 Marked Price (MP) = ₹100 × (1 + 30/100) = ₹130 SP = MP × (1 - 20/100) = ₹130 × 0.80 = ₹104 Profit = SP - CP = ₹104 - ₹100 = ₹4 Profit % = (Profit / CP) × 100 = (4 / 100) × 100 = 4%

  10. Finding Marked Price When Discount and SP Are Given Type 1: Example 10: A product is sold at ₹900 after a 25 % 25\% 25% discount. Find the marked price. Solution: Let the marked price be x x x . S P = Marked Price − ( Discount% × Marked Price )    ⟹    S P = x × ( 1 − Discount% ) SP = \text{Marked Price} - (\text{Discount\%} \times \text{Marked Price}) \implies SP = x \times (1 - \text{Discount\%}) SP = Marked Price − ( Discount% × Marked Price ) ⟹ SP = x × ( 1 − Discount% ) 900 = x × ( 1 − 25 100 )    ⟹    900 = x × 0.75 900 = x \times (1 - \frac{25}{100}) \implies 900 = x \times 0.75 900 = x × ( 1 − 100 25 ​ ) ⟹ 900 = x × 0.75 x = 900 0.75 = 1200 x = \frac{900}{0.75} = 1200 x = 0.75 900 ​ = 1200 Answer: ₹1200

  1. Basic Profit Calculation Type 1: Find profit when CP and SP are given. Example 1: A shopkeeper buys an item for ₹200 and sells it for ₹250. Find the profit and profit percentage. Solution: Profit = S P − C P = 250 − 200 = 50 \text{Profit} = SP - CP = 250 - 200 = 50 Profit = SP − CP = 250 − 200 = 50 Profit% = Profit CP × 100 = 50 200 × 100 = 25 % \text{Profit\%} = \frac{\text{Profit}}{\text{CP}} \times 100 = \frac{50}{200} \times 100 = 25\% Profit% = CP Profit ​ × 100 = 200 50 ​ × 100 = 25% Answer: Profit = ₹50, Profit Percentage = 25 % 25\% 25% .

  9. Cost Price from Loss on Selling Price Type 1: Example 9: A shopkeeper sells a product at ₹680 and incurs a loss of 15 % 15\% 15% . Find the cost price. Solution: S P = C P × ( 1 − Loss% ) SP = CP \times (1 - \text{Loss\%}) SP = CP × ( 1 − Loss% ) 680 = C P × ( 1 − 15 100 )    ⟹    680 = C P × 0.85 680 = CP \times (1 - \frac{15}{100}) \implies 680 = CP \times 0.85 680 = CP × ( 1 − 100 15 ​ ) ⟹ 680 = CP × 0.85 C P = 680 0.85 = 800 CP = \frac{680}{0.85} = 800 CP = 0.85 680 ​ = 800 Answer: ₹800

8. Discount and Profit/Loss Combined Type 1: Calculate profit/loss when discount is applied on marked price. Example 8: A product is marked at ₹1,000 and sold at 10 % 10\% 10% discount. The cost price is ₹800. Find the profit or loss percentage. Solution: Step 1: Find the selling price: S P = Marked Price − ( Discount% × Marked Price ) = 1000 − 10 100 × 1000 = 1000 − 100 = 900 SP = \text{Marked Price} - (\text{Discount\%} \times \text{Marked Price}) = 1000 - \frac{10}{100} \times 1000 = 1000 - 100 = 900 SP = Marked Price − ( Discount% × Marked Price ) = 1000 − 100 10 ​ × 1000 = 1000 − 100 = 900 Step 2: Compare SP with CP: Profit = S P − C P = 900 − 800 = 100 \text{Profit} = SP - CP = 900 - 800 = 100 Profit = SP − CP = 900 − 800 = 100 Profit% = Profit CP × 100 = 100 800 × 100 = 12.5 % \text{Profit\%} = \frac{\text{Profit}}{\text{CP}} \times 100 = \frac{100}{800} \times 100 = 12.5\% Profit% = CP Profit ​ × 100 = 800 100 ​ × 100 = 12.5% Answer: 12.5 % 12.5\% 12.5% ...

  7. Successive Transactions (Profit/Loss Combined) Type 1: Calculate the overall profit/loss when a product is sold multiple times. Example 7: A shopkeeper buys an item for ₹500, sells it at a profit of 10 % 10\% 10% , and the buyer sells it again at a profit of 20 % 20\% 20% . Find the final selling price. Solution: Step 1: Selling price after the first sale: S P 1 = C P + ( Profit% × C P ) = 500 + 10 100 × 500 = 500 + 50 = 550 SP_1 = CP + (\text{Profit\%} \times CP) = 500 + \frac{10}{100} \times 500 = 500 + 50 = 550 S P 1 ​ = CP + ( Profit% × CP ) = 500 + 100 10 ​ × 500 = 500 + 50 = 550 Step 2: Selling price after the second sale: S P 2 = S P 1 + ( Profit% × S P 1 ) = 550 + 20 100 × 550 = 550 + 110 = 660 SP_2 = SP_1 + (\text{Profit\%} \times SP_1) = 550 + \frac{20}{100} \times 550 = 550 + 110 = 660 S P 2 ​ = S P 1 ​ + ( Profit% × S P 1 ​ ) = 550 + 100 20 ​ × 550 = 550 + 110 = 660 Answer: ₹660

6. Finding CP When SP and Loss % are Given Type 1: Example 6: The selling price of a product is ₹850, and the loss is 15 % 15\% 15% . Find the cost price. Solution: S P = C P − ( Loss% × C P )    ⟹    S P = C P × ( 1 − Loss% ) SP = CP - (\text{Loss\%} \times CP) \implies SP = CP \times (1 - \text{Loss\%}) SP = CP − ( Loss% × CP ) ⟹ SP = CP × ( 1 − Loss% ) 850 = C P × ( 1 − 15 100 )    ⟹    850 = C P × 0.85 850 = CP \times (1 - \frac{15}{100}) \implies 850 = CP \times 0.85 850 = CP × ( 1 − 100 15 ​ ) ⟹ 850 = CP × 0.85 C P = 850 0.85 = 1000 CP = \frac{850}{0.85} = 1000 CP = 0.85 850 ​ = 1000 Answer: ₹1000

4. Finding SP When CP and Loss % are Given Type 1: Example 4:  The cost price of a product is ₹500, and the loss is  15 % 15% . Find the selling price. Solution: S P = C P − ( Loss% × C P ) = 500 − 15 100 × 500 SP = CP − ( Loss% × CP ) = 500 − 100 15 ​ × 500 S P = 500 − 75 = 425 SP = 500 − 75 = 425 Answer:  ₹425

  3. Finding SP When CP and Profit % are Given Type 1: Example 3: The cost price of a product is ₹400, and the profit is 20 % 20\% 20% . Find the selling price. Solution: S P = C P + ( Profit% × C P ) = 400 + 20 100 × 400 SP = CP + (\text{Profit\%} \times CP) = 400 + \frac{20}{100} \times 400 SP = CP + ( Profit% × CP ) = 400 + 100 20 ​ × 400 S P = 400 + 80 = 480 SP = 400 + 80 = 480 SP = 400 + 80 = 480 Answer: ₹480

  2. Basic Loss Calculation Type 1: Find loss when CP and SP are given. Example 2: An item is bought for ₹300 and sold for ₹270. Find the loss and loss percentage. Solution: Loss = C P − S P = 300 − 270 = 30 \text{Loss} = CP - SP = 300 - 270 = 30 Loss = CP − SP = 300 − 270 = 30 Loss% = Loss CP × 100 = 30 300 × 100 = 10 % \text{Loss\%} = \frac{\text{Loss}}{\text{CP}} \times 100 = \frac{30}{300} \times 100 = 10\% Loss% = CP Loss ​ × 100 = 300 30 ​ × 100 = 10% Answer: Loss = ₹30, Loss Percentage = 10% 10 % 10\%